According to statistics, more than 75% of men over the age of 40-45 have prostate diseases. The strong circulation of lymph and blood in the vessels of the small pelvis often causes swelling of the organ and congestion. In addition, the prostate is well innervated, so symptoms of the disease in men include severe pain.
What is the prostate gland?
The prostate or prostate gland is the male reproductive organ, part of the reproductive system. Located in the small pelvis, below the bladder, it partially covers the urethra and the ejaculatory ducts. The prostate consists of two lobes and an isthmus that connects them. In addition, the instrument is distinguished by the upper, base, anterior and posterior parts. The shape of the prostate resembles a chestnut, elastic, consists of glandular and muscle cells. The prostate performs three main functions:
- Motor. Prostate muscle cells form a sphincter in the urethra that holds urine.
- Secretory. The gland produces a special secret that provides sperm motility, liquefies the sperm.
- Obstacle. Prevents the spread of infection from the urethra.
Prostate disease in men
Pathologies, as a rule, are associated with damage to the organ by pathogenic and opportunistic microorganisms, congestion or neoplasms (both malignant and benign). >Among the diseases of the prostate are the following:
- inflammation (prostatitis);
- benign gland hyperplasia (adenoma).
- malignant neoplasm (cancer);
- cystic neoplasms?
- prostate abscess.
Many factors that create a favorable environment and conditions for the penetration and reproduction of pathogenic microorganisms (fungi, viruses, bacteria) can cause the beginning of the development of pathology and signs of prostate inflammation in men. In addition, they can cause the development of benign or malignant tumors. Adverse factors include:
- malnutrition;
- hypovitaminosis?
- sexually transmitted diseases;
- hypothermia of the body;
- impotence;
- long-term antibiotic therapy.
- stagnation of blood in the pelvis;
- Bad Habits;
- endocrine pathologies?
- pathology of the reproductive system;
- oncological diseases in the history;
- prolonged fatigue.
Symptoms of prostate disease in men
Signs of cessation of the prostate gland depend on the cause of the disease, its localization and the nature of the pathological processes. As a rule, the patient complains of weakness, reduced performance, general fatigue and irritability. In addition, the symptoms of prostatitis and prostate adenoma in men, stones or abscess may manifest as follows:
- violation of urination;
- erectile dysfunction?
- infertility;
- pain, burning in the urethra.
- temperature rise?
- chills;
- painful intercourse;
- lack of ejaculation;
- pain in perineum with sudden movements.
- aggressive discharge from the urethra.
Prostatitis
Inflammatory damage to the prostate gland, prostatitis, is one of the most common diseases of the male genital area. The main cause of the pathology is considered to be a violation of blood circulation in the pelvis, which leads to a sharp increase in the proportions of the organ and its swelling. Symptoms of prostate inflammation depend on the type of disease. There are several types of pathology:
- Acute inflammation. It is caused by pathogenic microbes (eg E. coli or enterobacteria). Acute prostatitis is manifested by severe pain and pain in the urethra, reduced urination: urine is expelled with difficulty, sometimes drop by drop. Some patients report an increase in temperature.
- Chronic bacterial inflammation. As a rule, it is caused by sexual infections (chlamydia, gonorrhea, trichomonads, etc. ). Symptoms of chronic inflammation of the prostate may be mild or absent. Among the characteristic signs, sexual dysfunction (erectile dysfunction, premature ejaculation), painful urination (mainly nocturnal) and mucus secretions from the urethra are noted.
- Chronic non-bacterial inflammation. The disease develops as a result of inflammatory processes in other organs (pyelonephritis, cystitis), blood stagnation, heart failure, hypothermia. Such prostatitis often has one symptom - difficulty urinating. Often the result of the pathology is a violation of the kidneys, discomfort in the lower back.
BPH
A disease of the prostate characterized by benign tissue growth and the formation of nodules that gradually compress the urethra and the vas deferens, the bladder. Hyperplasia can lead to a violation of the concentration of hormones in the blood. Signs of prostate adenoma in men vary depending on the stage of the disease:
- Compensation. As a rule, at this stage, men do not notice specific symptoms. Sometimes there is an increased desire to urinate at night.
- Undercompensation. The main symptoms are a feeling of heaviness in the bladder, its incomplete emptying. Fluid during urination is difficult to pass, patients complain of difficult ejaculation.
- Compensation. It is characterized by a significant reduction in the volume of the bladder muscles and their tone. In addition, the adenoma develops chronic fatigue, pain and cramping when trying to urinate. In the absence of treatment, tumor growth, the intensity of pain increases significantly, defecation may be disturbed due to compression of the rectum.
Prostate adenoma is considered a precancerous disease, therefore, when this tissue growth is detected, a biopsy is required to detect atypical cells and an ultrasound (ultrasound) to study the structure of the organ in detail. Hyperplasia of the gland, as a rule, develops slowly, which allows early diagnosis and treatment.
Cyst
A pathological cavity with prostate fluid or cyst develops under the influence of inflammatory processes of the gland, in which the excretory ducts of the organ are compressed and the outflow of secretion is disturbed. The pathology can be caused by constant stress, nervous strain, chronic diseases and tumors of neighboring organs, hardening of prostate tissues. Signs of cyst formation are:
- burning in urethra;
- enlargement of the gland in size.
- decreased libido;
- increase in body temperature;
- feeling of incomplete emptying of the bladder.
- reproductive dysfunction.
stones
The formation of stones in the prostate occurs due to a sedentary lifestyle, injuries to the groin, inflammatory diseases of the organ. It gradually increases in size, stones violate the integrity of the ducts of the gland, urine begins to enter the prostate tissue. Stones, as a rule, consist of phosphates, uric and oxalic acid salts, protein and ductal epithelium. The main signs of pathology include:
- weak erection;
- pain during urination;
- frequent exacerbations of inflammation.
- pain during ejaculation;
- seals in the gland and pain when detected.
Cancer
A malignant neoplasm that develops from the secretory epithelium of the prostate is called cancer or carcinoma. Prolonged inflammatory processes precede tumor development. The risk group includes men over 40 who abuse alcohol and tobacco. The symptoms of oncological damage to the prostate are non-specific and are manifested by a violation of the function of the organ. In the initial stages, the disease usually does not manifest itself. As the tumor grows, the following symptoms develop:
- haematuria?
- painful urination;
- lower abdominal pain;
- swelling of the legs;
- violation of the chair;
- inability.
Abscess
An infectious-inflammatory pathology, which is accompanied by purulent tissue fusion, is called an abscess. Such a process develops due to the transfer of pathogenic bacteria from the main focus of infection to the prostate gland through the bloodstream. For a long time, an abscess can be asymptomatic. The main signs of the presence of a purulent focus in the tissues of the prostate are: >
- fever and fever;
- pain during sexual intercourse, urination.
- excretion of fetal pus in the urine (when an abscess ruptures);
Purulent formation in the prostate is diagnosed with the help of organic and laboratory studies. In blood tests, there is an increase in the number of leukocytes, an increase in the value of the erythrocyte sedimentation rate. In the study of urine, leukocyturia and pathogenic microflora are detected. Palpation examination through the rectum shows the presence of a rounded formation.
The main methods of prostate treatment
Pathology treatment methods depend on the specific disease, the stage of the course and the severity. Treatment for prostate diseases is selected individually, depending on the age of the patient, the results of laboratory tests, organ studies, the presence of accompanying pathologies. Familiarize yourself with the basic principles of prostate disease treatment:
Disease |
Methods of Treatment |
|---|---|
Prostatitis |
|
Adenoma |
|
Cyst |
|
stones |
|
Cancer |
|
Abscess |
|
Prevention
To prevent the development of prostate diseases, you should follow the principles of a healthy lifestyle. It reduces the risk of prostate pathologies by following the recommendations:
- Stick to a balanced diet.
- Exercise regularly.
- Take multivitamin complexes, immunomodulatory drugs.
- Avoid drinking alcohol, smoking tobacco, drugs.
- Avoid hypothermia.
- See your doctor as soon as symptoms appear.